The Professional Hunter’s Ten Commandments
by
Russ Gould
 
In a prior article in this magazine (“Seven Ways to Ruin an
Otherwise Perfectly Good Safari”), I drew on a real safari experience to show
how clients can contribute to a poor hunt experience through their lack of
proper preparation and/or their own behavior. In this article, I draw again on
a real experience (or two) to show how outfitters and PHs can and do mess up
their own nests by letting clients down, sometimes without being conscious of
their actions.
 
Almost all PHs want to send their clients home with good
trophies, fond memories and a smile on their faces. While most hunts go well,
there are many that don’t, and each year there are a few dismal failures that
hurt reputations for years.  There are a
host of ways in which an outfitter or PH can ruin a hunt. I have tried to boil
these down to ten major “commandments” that if broken will surely result in an
unhappy conclusion and probably damage the outfitter’s or PH’s reputation. 
 
 - Know
     your client. Let’s begin by discussing the notion of a “client”. Here
     we are talking about foreigners for the most part, who are willing to pay
     an enormous amount of money, by local standards, to enjoy sport hunting in
     an exotic location. But that’s about the only generalization one can make.
     Clients come in all sizes and shapes, from many different countries and
     cultures, and each is unique. What is acceptable to a South African client
     who has hunted the bush all his life, is not acceptable to an American who
     may only hunt Africa once or twice. South Africans are used to basic camp
     facilities and understand how things work in Africa. An American is likely
     to expect better treatment in terms of camp and catering, and will get
     frustrated more quickly when things are not going well. A South African
     client may not place a lot of importance on trophy size, whereas an
     American may be obsessed with horns and tusks. And of course one cannot
     generalize according to nationality. Yes, many Germans are happy to shoot
     an old daga boy with horns worn almost to the bosses, while most Americans
     will not shoot anything less than a 38” bull and may not care if the
     bosses are a little soft. But clients from the same country come in all
     sizes and shapes.  A wealthy
     elderly client who may have hunted all over the world will have a
     different set of needs and desire a different pace on a hunt than a young
     buck who has scraped together his money for a once-in-a-lifetime hunt. An
     experienced PH will invest some energy prior to the hunt, while transferring
     the client to camp, and around the campfire to try to understand what
     strain of client he has on his hands for the next week or two. How does
     this client define success? How hard will he hunt? What are his hunting
     ethics? Would he rather go home empty-handed than return with a
     “representative of the species”. Some clients are purists, and won’t shoot
     anything less than an exceptional trophy. Some are shooters, who want to
     shoot a lot of animals regardless of trophy quality. Many clients are successful
     “type A” people, who will approach the hunt as they approach life: as a
     competition to be taken seriously. Others just want to get away and relax,
     often with the help of liberal amounts of alcohol. Getting up at the crack
     of dawn is not their idea of a vacation. The first mistake a PH can make,
     then, is to assume that the current client is just like some other client
     and proceed accordingly. (Most clients are men and I will refer to the
     client as “him” for ease of reading, but of course women also hunt and to
     them I apologize for not using “him/her” in every instance.)
 
 - Sell
     what you can deliver, and deliver what you sell. This is a very common
     and serious pit to fall into. Under pressure to move quota and fill up the
     calendar, there is a very large temptation to paint a glowing picture of
     the area, the camp, and the trophy quality when selling hunts. Some
     operators deliberately over-sell their quota, betting that some clients
     will fail to shoot their kudu/buffalo/bushbuck  or whatever. If things work out, fine. But it’s hard to tell
     someone who has been saving and dreaming of taking a big kudu, over the
     first night’s dinner that there is no kudu quota remaining because the
     Russian high roller that was there earlier in the season shot three of
     them. I have seen it happen. On another occasion, while sitting around the
     dinner table discussing their wish lists, my group discovered that despite
     being only the second group of hunters through the area that season, there
     were only two bushbuck available to the four of us. The other four on
     quota for the season were being saved for later clients. That a quota
     existed on this high-fenced property was news to us. We were told that we
     would have to sort out amongst ourselves who would get to take the two
     available. On a recent hunt, the PH broke the news to my client that the
     exportable buffalo wasn’t exportable after all, and furthermore that it
     was going to be a cow, not a bull. Oh, and the elephant hunt would be
     conducted at night in a maize field, rather than by day in the Safari
     area! This same PH thought it was OK to finesse a double client 1x1
     arrangement into a 2x1, when the promised second PH was double-booked. In
     any other business, this would be outright fraud. But somehow, in the
     hunting game, many outfitters and PHs think it’s OK to “modify” the
     deliverables without modifying the price. You cannot change the basic
     structure of the hunt once the client has paid for his ticket, and
     especially not when he is on the ground thousands of miles from home. Stick
     to the original plan, or at least allow the client the option of calling
     the hunt off at your cost (ie full refund of deposit and airfare paid) if
     you can’t deliver what you sold. Once he is on the ground, your only
     honorable course of action is to let him name his discount.   Pre-baiting is another tricky matter.
     If you promise to pre-bait, then make sure you have a leopard on bait when
     the client gets there. Telling the client that the leopard came the night
     after he left is cold comfort. Horn shrinkage is another common malady
     with inexperienced as well as experienced PHs. If it’s barely mature on
     the hoof, it’s not going to mature on the ground.  Don’t exaggerate, especially if you
     have established that inches are important to your client. In matters related
     to hunting, it’s much better to under-promise and over-deliver than the
     other way around.
 
 - Wear
     the client’s shoes, not your own. 
     This is a corollary to the first commandment. There are many
     pressures on the PH in the course of a hunt. His own need to make a
     living, the need to manage quota over the course of a season, the need to
     please the local District Council, and the need to preserve a relationship
     with the outfit that owns the concession, for example. It’s very easy to
     run the hunt in such a way that these other constituencies are served
     well, while subordinating your client’s wishes and needs to them.  I have encountered situations where
     clients were kept away from certain areas in the hunting concession, to
     preserve the really good trophies for some more important client. Or a
     mediocre trophy may be taken to run up the tab. An opportunity to take an
     elephant is skipped in favor of pursuing buffalo because the Council wants
     buffalo meat for an event of some sort, despite the fact that the client
     is really keen to take his first elephant and has already taken several
     buffalo. A half day is lost because the PH decided to curry favor with the
     District Council by offering his services as a taxi driver, hoping to
     achieve some sort of favorable future outcome. Never mind that there are
     only two days left and the client has yet to shoot his buffalo. After all,
     he is only the client and they always pay. Perhaps, but what he says about
     you and the hunt depends as much on how you treat him as it does on what
     he shoots or does not shoot. The client deserves your full and undivided
     attention for the duration of the hunt. One thing most clients have in
     common is the expectation that if billed for seven days hunting, the
     client will actually get seven days of hunting. Not unreasonable and hard
     to disagree with this basic idea. But the client’s idea of a day’s hunting
     is often not the same as the PH’s idea. Some clients expect a full day’s
     hunt for a full day’s pay. You must not assume that he is OK with a four hour
     siesta after lunch, unless he requests it. Many clients, used to hunting
     in the USA where the first and last hour of the day are the “golden
     hours”, expect to be in the field cocked and loaded at first light, not
     eating breakfast and/or organizing the camp staff. And don’t nibble away
     the hunting time by keeping your client waiting. You should always be
     waiting for the client, not the other way round. The client should
     be the last one on the Cruiser in the morning, not you. You should be up
     before him, and go to bed after he does. You are on the clock and that
     clock is burning through cash at a rapid rate, not quite up there with the
     cost of hiring a lawyer, but almost. Fiddle with your Cruiser while your
     client is having breakfast, not while he is sitting on the hunting seat
     waiting to leave camp. This applies from the moment the client gets off
     the plane. Nothing unsettles a client more than arriving in a foreign
     country and discovering that nobody is there to greet him. I once received
     a phone call in the middle of the night, from clients who were stranded at
     the Windhoek airport. After calling the PH association to organize someone
     to fetch them, the PH casually showed up an hour late with a lame excuse.
     Annelise at the Afton Guest House near the Johannesburg airport once had a
     client left stranded with her for several days by an operator who got his
     dates messed up.  So no matter how
     many errands you have to run while you are in town, get yourself to the
     airport early.
 
 - Avoid
     surprises, and explain them if you can’t. Matters can and do take
     unexpected turns in Africa. Some of the more egregious surprises I have
     encountered include other hunters showing up in camp with no explanation
     offered to the client; a no-show by a hired PH causing a delay in the start
     of a hunt; a change of camp or PH at the last moment; and extra hotel
     nights in Harare at the client’s expense prior to starting the hunt. On a
     recent hunt, on no less than the client’s birthday, we heard shots in the
     morning while pursuing an elephant bull in the jess. That afternoon, we
     encountered a local hunter and his two sons hunting “our” area. It turned
     out that Mr. Local had shot the very same elephant that the client was
     pursuing, and now these hunters were cruising the roads looking for buffalo.
     To add insult to injury, the PH decided to call it a day at 4 pm!  When we arrived in camp, four other
     hunters occupied the only chairs in camp, drinking the few cold beers that
     would fit in the battery-powered cooler. None of this was explained to the
     client. The client retired to his tent in a funk, making copious notes in
     his journal. Lesser surprises include a set of good tracks being abandoned
     without explanation; a shot being passed up because it was too late in the
     day, a good enough reason, but not if no explanation is offered to the
     client; and a suspension of hunting while a wounded animal is being
     tracked. Don’t make the client read your mind – what is obvious to you may
     not be obvious to him.
 
 
 - Pay
     attention to little details, they make a huge difference. Clients are
     happier the more their idiosyncratic needs are catered to. Some will drink
     and eat anything, but these are the exceptions. Most have particular
     dietary preferences. A big one is filtered coffee. Is this so hard to
     provide? And then there is decaf. Not everyone lives on stimulants. How
     about soap in the shower? A mosquito net over the bed? Is this asking too
     much? Cold beer and a cooler that is actually cool and filled with the
     preferred soft drinks goes a long way toward good feelings and a happy
     client. A hammock under a shady tree is a treat, when the altenative is a
     boiling hot tent for an afternoon nap. On a recent bird hunt, we
     specifically requested standard shotgun loads of 32 grams. We were
     shooting vintage guns and the old girls must be treated with respect. The
     PH ignored that request and provided 36 gram “Heavy Loads”. Two of the
     party suffered cracked stocks and one could not extract his shells without
     resorting to a cleaning rod. 
     Needless to say, nobody was thrilled. On the same hunt, different
     property, the PH decided he had plenty of shotgun ammo and allowed the
     prior party to use up a good amount of the ammo he had laid in
     specifically for our party. We ran out of ammo and were unable to do as
     much wingshooting as we had planned. Remember, clients sit in that Airbus
     torture chamber for nearly 40 hours because of the fun they anticipate
     they will have when they get to their hunt destination. So make it fun for
     them, if you want them to come back.
 
 - Keep
     your cool, even if the client loses his. Of all the advice offered
     here, this is probably the hardest to follow. Some clients are impossibly
     difficult. In a tense situation, tempers can flare. If you can’t keep your
     cool, then this is not the business for you. A shouting match between you
     and your client is going to ruin the rest of the hunt, as well as your
     reputation. Keep saying to yourself “the hours and days will pass as
     surely as the sun rises and sets” and bite your tongue, no matter what. On
     a recent problematic safari, I made it clear to the operator that my
     client was not happy, and that he was a participant in a popular internet
     forum where several people were awaiting his report regarding the hunt. I
     wanted him to understand that we had to turn the situation around. This
     had the opposite effect. With an angry tone, told me that if we were not
     happy, we should pack up and leave, right now! A perfect example of how
     not to handle an unhappy situation.
 
 - Quote
     the hunt, and charge what you quote. Even if a hunt is successful,
     nothing annoys a client more than being billed something other than he is
     expecting to pay. Take the trouble to document, in writing, the cost of
     the hunt including all extras, before taking the client’s deposit. VAT,
     transfer fees, government levies, and dip and pack charges should not be a
     surprise. To hit your client with a surprise on his bill as he gets ready
     to board his plane home, is as good as showing him the finger as he boards
     the plane. This will undo all the goodwill you may have built by giving
     him a good hunt. He will fume all the way home, and his buddies will hear
     about the money issue and not the hunt. On a recent hunt, the client was
     offered a PAC elephant in place of the promised exportable buffalo, and
     furthermore the pricing was such that this would take $4000 off the price
     of the hunt. A last-evening PAC success saved the hunt, but the bill
     failed to reflect the savings.  As
     the accompanying agent, I intervened and straightened things out before
     the client was confronted with the financial equivalent of a shotgun
     wedding. The PH may as well have shot himself in the foot.
 
 - Keep
     your client on the right side of the law. I once wounded a Caracal at
     night, while shooting porcupines on a potato farm. The evening hunt was a
     side-event to a group bird hunt near Dendron in South Africa. The
     outfitter had offered some “night varmint hunting”, an option I much  preferred to boozing it up in camp with
     the other members of the party.  I
     shot the cat in tall grass with a scoped hand-gun, drew blood, but was
     unable to find him in the dark. I was a nervous wreck all night, thinking
     that we had lost him. The following morning, at first light, and with the
     help of a terrier, we treed the cat after an exciting chase. I finished
     him just as the sun rose over the trees. Needless to say, I was ecstatic.
     I had recovered a cat that I thought was lost, a trophy that I wanted
     badly, and this was the crowning moment of my hunt. The chase was
     exhilarating and the setting, with the sun a red orb in the morning sky,
     was memorable. Three months later, the taxidermist informed me that Nature
     Conservation had confiscated my trophy, as there was no permit. The
     outfitter denied being aware of a new law requiring permits for small
     cats. Furthermore, I learned that the landowner was not OK with the taking
     of this species, his permission being specific to crop-raiding bushpig and
     porcupines. A cat is a crop-farmer’s friend. On a bigger scale, hunting is
     now being offered in Zimbabwe’s National Parks by unscrupulous outfitters
     working with rogue Park’s officers, for elephant as well as other species.
     This is illegal and could result in imprisonment of the hunter, foreign or
     not.
 
 - A
     safe hunt is better than a successful hunt. A Namibian outfitter was
     host to two clients, a man and his wife, both bow hunters. After several
     animals were wounded, the PH decided that the clients should exchange
     their bows for rifles and attempt to ambush the wounded animals coming to
     water. The hunters split up, each going to a blind at a separate water
     hole, the wife being assigned a tracker in lieu of a PH. When a wounded
     Kudu appeared, the tracker passed a loaded 7mm Magnum rifle to the woman,
     shooting her in the thigh as he did so. She recovered after a lengthy
     hospital stay, but was disfigured for life. The operator lost his SCI
     membership and was sued for a substantial amount of money.  And it’s not only the client’s safety
     that is important! Clients are often at fault here.  A pet peeve of mine is the so-called
     “African” carry, i.e. rifle barrel held in the hand, rifle balancing on
     the shoulder, with muzzle pointing forward. And please don’t tell me that
     you are in control of the muzzle with this form of carry. I have hours of
     video that prove otherwise. Hunters who would never dream of carrying a
     rifle this way at home think it’s the correct way to carry a rifle in
     Africa….even if the rifle is equipped with a sling! This carry may be fine
     if you are alone, or walking in front, but I have never been on a hunt
     where the client hunts alone or walks in front of the rest of the party.
     There is invariably a tracker in the lead, followed by the PH. In most
     cases, clients are just copying their PH. So set the example, and have a
     little talk about safety at the beginning of the hunt. Shotguns are particularly
     nasty at close range, and a group bird hunt is a by definition an unsafe
     act. Strict “blue sky” rules (never shoot at a bird unless you can see
     blue sky around it, and muzzles must always be pointed skyward unless the
     gun is broken) must be enforced. Any safety “excursions” must be corrected
     as they occur.  I deal in firearms
     for a living, and I would estimate that one in fifty used firearms, mostly
     vintage shotguns, has a defective safety. Don’t rely on the safety, or on
     an unloaded chamber. Memories are even less reliable than mechanical
     safeties.
 
 - The
     hunt is not over until it’s over. The hunt may be over for you when
     the client gets on the plane, but it’s not over for him until he receives
     his trophies (and any trinkets you promised to include) in good order. An
     American client that I know is still waiting for his shipment of two
     exportable bull elephant from Zimbabwe, almost three years after the skins
     were in the salt.  The hunt was
     memorable but it’s long forgotten. In its place are some very hard
     feelings that were vented on a well-known internet bulletin board.
     Reputations were damaged irreparably, and grievances were aired for
     thousands and thousands of potential clients to read. Not a good outcome
     for anyone.
 
Readers can probably add their own experiences, but these
commandments cover 90% of possible transgressions. PHs would do well to read
this list before each hunt starts, and to make sure their staffs are on the
same page. Those that do will come out ahead in the long run.
 
Russ Gould is the owner of bigfivehq.com, an
internet-based business dedicated to heavy caliber rifles and big game hunting.
He enjoys restoring vintage guns ,and is a licensed importer/dealer
specializing in fine sporting long guns, as well as a booking agent interested
in representing quality hunting outfitters that share his ethics regarding the
proper conduct of a paid safari. He can be contacted at russ@vh2q.com